\u0130stiqrazlar, bir investorun m\u00fc\u0259yy\u0259n bir m\u00fcdd\u0259t \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn bir \u015firk\u0259t\u0259 v\u0259 ya h\u00f6kum\u0259t\u0259 m\u00fcnt\u0259z\u0259m faiz \u00f6d\u0259m\u0259l\u0259ri qar\u015f\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131nda borc verdiyi investisiya qiym\u0259tli ka\u011f\u0131zlar\u0131d\u0131r. \u0130stiqraz \u00f6d\u0259m\u0259 m\u00fcdd\u0259tin\u0259 \u00e7atd\u0131qda, istiqraz emitenti investorun pulunu qaytar\u0131r. \u0130stiqrazlar\u0131 t\u0259svir etm\u0259k \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn tez-tez istifad\u0259 olunan termin – sabit g\u0259lirdir, \u00e7\u00fcnki v\u0259saitiniz istiqraz\u0131n \u00f6mr\u00fc \u0259rzind\u0259 sabit \u00f6d\u0259ni\u015fl\u0259rl\u0259 art\u0131r.<\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n
Bir \u00e7ox istiqraz n\u00f6vl\u0259ri, x\u00fcsus\u0259n investisiya s\u0259viyy\u0259li istiqrazlar, s\u0259hml\u0259r\u0259 nisb\u0259t\u0259n daha a\u015fa\u011f\u0131 riskli investisiyalard\u0131r v\u0259 bu da onlar\u0131 geni\u015f investisiya portfelinin \u0259sas komponenti hal\u0131na g\u0259tirir. Portfelinizd\u0259 yerl\u0259\u015fdirdiyiniz istiqrazlar, s\u0259hml\u0259r kimi daha d\u0259yi\u015fk\u0259n investisiyalar\u0131n riskind\u0259n qoruma\u011fa k\u00f6m\u0259k ed\u0259 bil\u0259r v\u0259 yat\u0131r\u0131m\u0131n\u0131z\u0131 qoruyark\u0259n, daha sabit bir g\u0259lir ax\u0131n\u0131 t\u0259min ed\u0259 bil\u0259r.<\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n
M\u00fcxt\u0259lif istiqraz n\u00f6vl\u0259rin\u0259 v\u0259 onlar\u0131n bazarda nec\u0259 qiym\u0259tl\u0259ndirilib, ticar\u0259t edildiyin\u0259 n\u0259z\u0259r salmadan, b\u00fct\u00fcn istiqrazlara t\u0259tbiq olunan \u0259sas terminl\u0259rl\u0259 tan\u0131\u015f olaq:<\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n
– Son \u00f6d\u0259m\u0259: \u0130stiqraz emitentinin istiqraz investorlar\u0131 t\u0259r\u0259find\u0259n onlara verilmi\u015f pulu qaytard\u0131\u011f\u0131 tarix. \u0130stiqrazlar q\u0131sa, orta v\u0259 ya uzun \u00f6d\u0259m\u0259 m\u00fcdd\u0259tin\u0259 malikdir.
– Nominal d\u0259y\u0259r: Nominal olaraq da bilin\u0259n nominal d\u0259y\u0259r, istiqraz\u0131n son \u00f6d\u0259m\u0259 m\u00fcdd\u0259tind\u0259 olaca\u011f\u0131 m\u0259bl\u0259\u011fdir. Bir istiqraz\u0131n nominal d\u0259y\u0259ri d\u0259 istiqraz sahibl\u0259rin\u0259 olan faiz \u00f6d\u0259ni\u015fl\u0259rinin hesablanmas\u0131 \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn \u0259sasd\u0131r. Bir \u00e7ox istiqrazlar\u0131n nominal d\u0259y\u0259ri 1000 dollard\u0131r.
– Kupon: \u0130stiqraz emitentinin istiqraz sahibl\u0259rin\u0259 \u00f6d\u0259diyi sabit faiz d\u0259r\u0259c\u0259sidir. 1000 dollarl\u0131q misaldan istifad\u0259 ed\u0259r\u0259k, bir istiqraz\u0131n 3% kuponu varsa, istiqraz emitenti, istiqraz\u0131n son \u00f6d\u0259m\u0259 tarixin\u0259 q\u0259d\u0259r investorlara ild\u0259 30 dollar \u00f6d\u0259m\u0259yi v\u0259d edir (nominal 1,000 AB\u015e dollar\u0131n\u0131n 3% -i = illik 30 dollar).
– G\u0259lirlik: \u0130stiqraz\u0131n g\u0259lirlik d\u0259r\u0259c\u0259si. Kupon sabit olsa da, g\u0259lirlik d\u0259yi\u015fk\u0259ndir v\u0259 t\u0259krar bazarda istiqraz\u0131n qiym\u0259tind\u0259n v\u0259 dig\u0259r amill\u0259rd\u0259n as\u0131l\u0131d\u0131r. G\u0259lirlik cari g\u0259lir, son \u00f6d\u0259m\u0259 m\u00fcdd\u0259tin\u0259 olan g\u0259lirlik v\u0259 istiqraz\u0131n geri \u00e7a\u011f\u0131r\u0131\u015f\u0131na q\u0259d\u0259rki g\u0259lirlik kimi ifad\u0259 edil\u0259 bil\u0259r.
– Qiym\u0259t: \u0130stiqrazlar\u0131n bir \u00e7oxu burax\u0131ld\u0131qdan sonra sat\u0131l\u0131r. Bazarda istiqrazlar\u0131n iki qiym\u0259ti var: “bid” v\u0259 “ask”. “Bid” qiym\u0259ti al\u0131c\u0131n\u0131n bir istiqraz \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn \u00f6d\u0259m\u0259y\u0259 haz\u0131r oldu\u011fu \u0259n y\u00fcks\u0259k m\u0259bl\u0259\u011fdir, “ask” qiym\u0259ti is\u0259 sat\u0131c\u0131 t\u0259r\u0259find\u0259n t\u0259klif edil\u0259n \u0259n a\u015fa\u011f\u0131 qiym\u0259tdir.
– M\u00fcdd\u0259t riski: Bu, bazar faiz d\u0259r\u0259c\u0259l\u0259rinin oynamas\u0131 n\u0259tic\u0259sind\u0259 istiqraz\u0131n qiym\u0259tinin nec\u0259 d\u0259yi\u015f\u0259 bil\u0259c\u0259yinin \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcs\u00fcd\u00fcr. M\u00fct\u0259x\u0259ssisl\u0259r, faiz d\u0259r\u0259c\u0259sinin h\u0259r 1% art\u0131m\u0131na g\u00f6r\u0259 istiqraz\u0131n qiym\u0259tinin 1% azalaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ir\u0259li s\u00fcr\u00fcrl\u0259r . \u0130stiqraz\u0131n m\u00fcdd\u0259ti n\u0259 q\u0259d\u0259r uzun olarsa, faiz d\u0259r\u0259c\u0259sind\u0259ki d\u0259yi\u015fiklikl\u0259r d\u0259 bir o q\u0259d\u0259r y\u00fcks\u0259k olar.
– Reytinq: Reytinq agentlikl\u0259ri \u00f6d\u0259m\u0259 qabiliyy\u0259tin\u0259 g\u00f6r\u0259 istiqrazlara v\u0259 istiqraz emitentl\u0259rin\u0259 reytinq verir. \u0130stiqraz reytinqi investorlar\u0131n istiqrazlara investisiya qoyma riskini anlamalar\u0131na k\u00f6m\u0259k edir. \u0130nvestisiya s\u0259viyy\u0259li istiqrazlar\u0131n BBB v\u0259 ya daha yax\u015f\u0131 reytinql\u0259ri var.<\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n
\u0130stiqrazlara yeni istiqraz burax\u0131l\u0131\u015flar\u0131n\u0131, ya da t\u0259krar bazarda istiqrazlar alaraq v\u0259 yaxud istiqraz qar\u015f\u0131l\u0131ql\u0131 fondlar\u0131 v\u0259 ya birja ticar\u0259t fondlar\u0131 (ETFs) alaraq investisiya qoyursunuz.<\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n
Yeni istiqrazlar: \u0130stiqrazlar\u0131 ilkin istiqraz t\u0259klifi zaman\u0131 bir \u00e7ox onlayn broker hesab\u0131ndan \u0259ld\u0259 ed\u0259 bil\u0259rsiniz.
T\u0259krar bazarda istiqrazlar: Broker hesab\u0131n\u0131z t\u0259krar bazarda istiqraz almaq imkan\u0131 t\u0259klif ed\u0259 bil\u0259r.
Qar\u015f\u0131l\u0131ql\u0131 fondlar: Burada \u0130stiqraz fondlar\u0131n\u0131n s\u0259hml\u0259rini sat\u0131n ala bil\u0259rsiniz. Bu qar\u015f\u0131l\u0131ql\u0131 fondlar ad\u0259t\u0259n m\u00fc\u0259yy\u0259n bir strategiyan\u0131n \u00e7\u0259tiri alt\u0131nda m\u00fcxt\u0259lif istiqrazlar al\u0131rlar. Bel\u0259 strategiyalara misal olaraq, uzunm\u00fcdd\u0259tli istiqraz fondlar\u0131 v\u0259 ya y\u00fcks\u0259k g\u0259lirlik qabiliyy\u0259tli korporativ istiqrazlar daxildir. \u0130stiqraz fondlar\u0131, fondun portfel menecerl\u0259rini kompensasiya ed\u0259n idar\u0259 haqq\u0131 \u00f6d\u0259ni\u015fi al\u0131rlar.
Bond ETFs: S\u0259hml\u0259r kimi ETF s\u0259hml\u0259rini ala v\u0259 sata bil\u0259rsiniz. \u0130stiqraz ETF-l\u0259ri, istiqraz qar\u015f\u0131l\u0131ql\u0131 fondlar\u0131ndan daha a\u015fa\u011f\u0131 \u00f6d\u0259ni\u015fl\u0259r\u0259 malikdir.<\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n
Yeni emissiyalar v\u0259 t\u0259krar bazar istiqrazlar\u0131 alark\u0259n, investorlar\u0131n daha m\u0259hdud se\u00e7iml\u0259ri ola bil\u0259r. B\u00fct\u00fcn brokerl\u0259r birba\u015fa istiqraz almaq imkan\u0131 t\u0259klif etmir. Bundan \u0259lav\u0259, istiqraz qiym\u0259tl\u0259rini ba\u015fa d\u00fc\u015fm\u0259k t\u0259cr\u00fcb\u0259siz investorlar \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn \u00e7\u0259tin ola bil\u0259r.<\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n
\u0130stiqraz fondlar\u0131 v\u0259 ETF-l\u0259r g\u00fcnd\u0259lik yat\u0131r\u0131m ed\u0259n investorlar \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn daha asand\u0131r. Qar\u015f\u0131l\u0131ql\u0131 fondun v\u0259 ya ETF -in investisiya strategiyas\u0131n\u0131n detallar\u0131n\u0131 asanl\u0131qla n\u0259z\u0259rd\u0259n ke\u00e7ir\u0259 v\u0259 investisiya m\u0259qs\u0259dl\u0259riniz\u0259 uy\u011fun olanlar\u0131 tapa bil\u0259rsiniz. Likvidlik problemi il\u0259 \u00fczl\u0259\u015fm\u0259 ehtimal\u0131n\u0131z azd\u0131r v\u0259 \u00fcmumiyy\u0259tl\u0259 bu \u0259m\u0259liyyat vasit\u0259l\u0259rinin s\u0259hml\u0259rini asanl\u0131qla al\u0131b sata bil\u0259rsiniz.<\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n
Bir maliyy\u0259 m\u00fct\u0259x\u0259ssisi il\u0259 i\u015fl\u0259m\u0259y\u0259 v\u0259 ya s\u0259rmay\u0259l\u0259rinizi \u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fcz idar\u0259 etm\u0259y\u0259 q\u0259rar verm\u0259yinizd\u0259n as\u0131l\u0131 olmayaraq, sabit g\u0259lirli investisiyalar investisiya strategiyan\u0131z\u0131n \u0259sas hiss\u0259si olmal\u0131d\u0131r. \u00c7ox\u015fax\u0259li bir investisiya portfelind\u0259 istiqrazlar h\u0259m sabitlik, h\u0259m d\u0259 proqnozla\u015fd\u0131r\u0131lan g\u0259lir t\u0259min ed\u0259 bil\u0259r.<\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n
Az\u0259rbaycan\u0131n beyn\u0259lxalq miqyasl\u0131 \u015firk\u0259ti SOCAR t\u0259r\u0259find\u0259n daxili bazar \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn yeni istiqrazlar t\u0259dav\u00fcl\u0259 burax\u0131l\u0131b. Nominal qiym\u0259ti 1000 (min) AB\u015e dollar\u0131 olan SOCAR \u0130stiqrazlar\u0131 yenid\u0259n 100 milyon dollar h\u0259cmind\u0259, illik 4.5% g\u0259lirlilikl\u0259, 5 illik m\u00fcdd\u0259t\u0259 burax\u0131l\u0131b. \u0130stiqrazlar, bir investorun m\u00fc\u0259yy\u0259n bir m\u00fcdd\u0259t \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn bir \u015firk\u0259t\u0259 v\u0259 ya h\u00f6kum\u0259t\u0259 m\u00fcnt\u0259z\u0259m faiz \u00f6d\u0259m\u0259l\u0259ri qar\u015f\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131nda borc verdiyi investisiya qiym\u0259tli ka\u011f\u0131zlar\u0131d\u0131r. \u0130stiqraz \u00f6d\u0259m\u0259 m\u00fcdd\u0259tin\u0259 \u00e7atd\u0131qda, istiqraz emitenti investorun pulunu qaytar\u0131r. \u0130stiqrazlar\u0131 t\u0259svir etm\u0259k \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn tez-tez istifad\u0259 olunan termin – sabit g\u0259lirdir, \u00e7\u00fcnki v\u0259saitiniz istiqraz\u0131n \u00f6mr\u00fc \u0259rzind\u0259 sabit \u00f6d\u0259ni\u015fl\u0259rl\u0259 art\u0131r. Bir \u00e7ox istiqraz n\u00f6vl\u0259ri, x\u00fcsus\u0259n investisiya…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":1497,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[9],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-1495","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-meqaleler"],"amp_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.investaz.az\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1495","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.investaz.az\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.investaz.az\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.investaz.az\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.investaz.az\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1495"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/www.investaz.az\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1495\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2641,"href":"https:\/\/www.investaz.az\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1495\/revisions\/2641"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.investaz.az\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/1497"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.investaz.az\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1495"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.investaz.az\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1495"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.investaz.az\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1495"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}
Siz Socar istiqrazlar\u0131na \u0130nvestAZ vasit\u0259sil\u0259 rahatl\u0131qla sahib ola bil\u0259rsiniz. \u018ftrafl\u0131 m\u0259lumat\u0131 http:\/\/inv.az\/istiqraz-blog<\/a> linkind\u0259n qeydiyyatdan ke\u00e7\u0259r\u0259k v\u0259 ya *1234 q\u0131sa n\u00f6mr\u0259sind\u0259n \u0259ld\u0259 ed\u0259 bil\u0259rsiniz.<\/p>\r\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"