\u0130nflyasiya m\u00fc\u0259yy\u0259n d\u00f6vr \u0259rzind\u0259, ad\u0259t\u0259n bir il \u0259rzind\u0259 bir s\u0131ra mal v\u0259 xidm\u0259tl\u0259rin n\u0259 q\u0259d\u0259r bahala\u015fd\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcr.<\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n
\u0130stehlak\u00e7\u0131lar\u0131n ya\u015fay\u0131\u015f minimumu bir \u00e7ox mal v\u0259 xidm\u0259tl\u0259rin qiym\u0259tl\u0259rind\u0259n v\u0259 h\u0259r birinin ev t\u0259s\u0259rr\u00fcfatlar\u0131n\u0131n b\u00fcdc\u0259sind\u0259ki pay\u0131ndan as\u0131l\u0131d\u0131r. Orta istehlak\u00e7\u0131n\u0131n ya\u015fay\u0131\u015f d\u0259y\u0259rini \u00f6l\u00e7m\u0259k \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn d\u00f6vl\u0259t qurumlar\u0131 tez-tez al\u0131nan \u0259\u015fyalardan ibar\u0259t s\u0259b\u0259ti m\u00fc\u0259yy\u0259n etm\u0259k \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn ev t\u0259s\u0259rr\u00fcfatlar\u0131nda sor\u011fular ke\u00e7irir v\u0259 zamanla bu s\u0259b\u0259tin al\u0131nmas\u0131 x\u0259rcl\u0259rini izl\u0259yir. (Kiray\u0259 v\u0259 ipoteka da daxil olmaqla m\u0259nzil x\u0259rcl\u0259ri AB\u015e-da istehlak s\u0259b\u0259tinin \u0259n b\u00f6y\u00fck komponentini t\u0259\u015fkil edir.) Bu s\u0259b\u0259tin m\u00fc\u0259yy\u0259n vaxtda baza ilin\u0259 nisb\u0259t\u0259n d\u0259y\u0259ri istehlak qiym\u0259tl\u0259ri indeksi (CPl) v\u0259 faizdir. M\u00fc\u0259yy\u0259n d\u00f6vr \u0259rzind\u0259 CPl-\u0131n d\u0259yi\u015fm\u0259si inflyasiyan\u0131n \u0259n \u00e7ox istifad\u0259 edil\u0259n \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcs\u00fc olan istehlak qiym\u0259tl\u0259ri inflyasiyas\u0131d\u0131r. (M\u0259s\u0259l\u0259n, \u0259g\u0259r baza ili CPI 100 v\u0259 cari CPl 110-dursa, d\u00f6vr \u0259rzind\u0259 inflyasiya 10 faiz t\u0259\u015fkil edir.)<\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n
\u0130nflyasiya d\u0259yi\u015fimind\u0259n, b\u0259zil\u0259ri qazanc \u0259ld\u0259 edir, b\u0259zil\u0259ri is\u0259 al\u0131c\u0131l\u0131q qabiliyy\u0259tini itirir. H\u0259r il sabit 5 faiz art\u0131m alan pensiya\u00e7\u0131lar\u0131n pensiyalar\u0131na inflyasiya t\u0259sir edir, inflyasiya 5 faizd\u0259n yuxar\u0131 olarsa, pensiya\u00e7\u0131n\u0131n al\u0131c\u0131l\u0131q qabiliyy\u0259ti a\u015fa\u011f\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcr. Dig\u0259r t\u0259r\u0259fd\u0259n, 5 faiz sabit faizli ipoteka krediti \u00f6d\u0259y\u0259n borcalan 5 faiz inflyasiyadan faydalanacaq, \u00e7\u00fcnki real faiz d\u0259r\u0259c\u0259si s\u0131f\u0131r olacaq; Kreditorun real g\u0259liri t\u0259bii ki, azal\u0131r.<\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n
H\u0259qiq\u0259t\u0259n d\u0259, bir \u00e7ox \u00f6lk\u0259l\u0259r y\u00fcks\u0259k inflyasiya v\u0259 b\u0259zi hallarda ild\u0259 1000 faiz v\u0259 ya daha \u00e7ox hiperinflyasiya il\u0259 m\u00fcbariz\u0259 apar\u0131rlar. 2008-ci ild\u0259 Zimbabve indiy\u0259 q\u0259d\u0259r \u0259n pis hiperinflyasiya hadis\u0259l\u0259rind\u0259n birini ya\u015fad\u0131, illik inflyasiya 500 milyard faiz s\u0259viyy\u0259sind\u0259 t\u0259xmin edilir. Bel\u0259 y\u00fcks\u0259k inflyasiyan\u0131n s\u0259viyy\u0259si f\u0259lak\u0259tli oldu v\u0259 \u00f6lk\u0259l\u0259r Zimbabved\u0259 oldu\u011fu kimi b\u0259z\u0259n \u00f6z milli valyutalar\u0131ndan imtina ed\u0259r\u0259k inflyasiyan\u0131n m\u0259qbul s\u0259viyy\u0259l\u0259r\u0259 qaytar\u0131lmas\u0131 \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn \u00e7\u0259tin v\u0259 a\u011fr\u0131l\u0131 siyas\u0259t t\u0259dbirl\u0259ri g\u00f6rm\u0259li olurlar.<\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n
Y\u00fcks\u0259k inflyasiya iqtisadiyyata z\u0259r\u0259r vursa da, deflyasiya v\u0259 ya qiym\u0259tl\u0259rin d\u00fc\u015fm\u0259si d\u0259 arzuolunan deyil. Qiym\u0259tl\u0259r a\u015fa\u011f\u0131 d\u00fc\u015fd\u00fckd\u0259, istehlak\u00e7\u0131lar g\u0259l\u0259c\u0259kd\u0259 daha a\u015fa\u011f\u0131 qiym\u0259tl\u0259r g\u00f6zl\u0259y\u0259r\u0259k, imkan daxilind\u0259 al\u0131\u015f-veri\u015f etm\u0259yi t\u0259xir\u0259 sal\u0131rlar. \u0130qtisadiyyat \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn bu, daha az iqtisadi f\u0259aliyy\u0259t, istehsal\u00e7\u0131lar t\u0259r\u0259find\u0259n daha az g\u0259lir v\u0259 a\u015fa\u011f\u0131 iqtisadi art\u0131m dem\u0259kdir. Yaponiya, \u0259sas\u0259n deflyasiya s\u0259b\u0259bind\u0259n uzun m\u00fcdd\u0259t, dem\u0259k olar ki, he\u00e7 bir iqtisadi inki\u015faf\u0131 olmayan bir \u00f6lk\u0259dir. 2007-ci ild\u0259 ba\u015flayan qlobal maliyy\u0259 b\u00f6hran\u0131 zaman\u0131 deflyasiyan\u0131n qar\u015f\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n al\u0131nmas\u0131 AB\u015e Federal Ehtiyat Sisteminin v\u0259 b\u00fct\u00fcn d\u00fcnya \u00fczr\u0259 dig\u0259r m\u0259rk\u0259zi banklar\u0131n uzun m\u00fcdd\u0259t \u0259rzind\u0259 faiz d\u0259r\u0259c\u0259l\u0259rini a\u015fa\u011f\u0131 s\u0259viyy\u0259d\u0259 saxlamas\u0131n\u0131n v\u0259 maliyy\u0259 sisteml\u0259rinin bol likvidliy\u0259 malik olmas\u0131n\u0131 t\u0259min etm\u0259k \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn ba\u015fqa pul siyas\u0259tl\u0259ri qurmas\u0131n\u0131n s\u0259b\u0259bl\u0259rind\u0259n biri idi.<\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n
\u0130ndi \u0259ks\u0259r iqtisad\u00e7\u0131lar a\u015fa\u011f\u0131, sabit v\u0259 \u0259n \u0259sas\u0131 proqnozla\u015fd\u0131r\u0131la bil\u0259n inflyasiyan\u0131n iqtisadiyyat \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn yax\u015f\u0131 oldu\u011funa inan\u0131rlar. \u018fg\u0259r inflyasiya a\u015fa\u011f\u0131 v\u0259 proqnozla\u015fd\u0131r\u0131la bil\u0259ndirs\u0259, onun t\u0259hrifedici t\u0259sirini azaldaraq, onu qiym\u0259tl\u0259rin t\u0259nziml\u0259nm\u0259si m\u00fcqavil\u0259l\u0259rind\u0259 v\u0259 faiz d\u0259r\u0259c\u0259l\u0259rind\u0259 tutmaq daha asand\u0131r.\u00a0<\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n
\u018fg\u0259r pul k\u00fctl\u0259si iqtisadiyyat\u0131n \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcs\u00fcn\u0259 nisb\u0259t\u0259n \u00e7ox b\u00f6y\u00fcy\u0259rs\u0259, valyutan\u0131n vahid d\u0259y\u0259ri azal\u0131r; ba\u015fqa s\u00f6zl\u0259, pulun al\u0131c\u0131l\u0131q qabiliyy\u0259ti a\u015fa\u011f\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcr v\u0259 qiym\u0259tl\u0259r qalx\u0131r. Pul k\u00fctl\u0259si il\u0259 iqtisadiyyat\u0131n \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcs\u00fc aras\u0131ndak\u0131 bu \u0259laq\u0259 pulun k\u0259miyy\u0259t n\u0259z\u0259riyy\u0259si adlan\u0131r v\u0259 iqtisadiyyatda \u0259n q\u0259dim f\u0259rziyy\u0259l\u0259rd\u0259n biridir.<\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n
\u0130nflyasiyan\u0131n m\u00fc\u0259yy\u0259n edilm\u0259sind\u0259 g\u00f6zl\u0259ntil\u0259r \u0259sas rol oynay\u0131r. \u018fg\u0259r insanlar v\u0259 ya firmalar daha y\u00fcks\u0259k qiym\u0259tl\u0259ri g\u00f6zl\u0259yirl\u0259rs\u0259, onlar bu g\u00f6zl\u0259ntil\u0259ri \u0259m\u0259k haqq\u0131 dan\u0131\u015f\u0131qlar\u0131 v\u0259 m\u00fcqavil\u0259 qiym\u0259tl\u0259rinin t\u0259nziml\u0259nm\u0259si (m\u0259s\u0259l\u0259n, icar\u0259 haqq\u0131n\u0131n avtomatik art\u0131m\u0131 kimi) \u00fcz\u0259rind\u0259 qururlar. Bu davran\u0131\u015f qism\u0259n n\u00f6vb\u0259ti d\u00f6vr\u00fcn inflyasiyas\u0131n\u0131 m\u00fc\u0259yy\u0259n edir; m\u00fcqavil\u0259l\u0259r yerin\u0259 yetirildikd\u0259n v\u0259 \u0259m\u0259k haqq\u0131 v\u0259 ya qiym\u0259tl\u0259r raz\u0131la\u015fd\u0131r\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 kimi y\u00fcks\u0259ldikd\u0259n sonra g\u00f6zl\u0259ntil\u0259r \u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fc do\u011fruldur. \u0130nsanlar g\u00f6zl\u0259ntil\u0259rini yax\u0131n ke\u00e7mi\u015f\u0259 \u0259sasland\u0131rd\u0131qca, inflyasiya zamanla ox\u015far n\u00fcmun\u0259l\u0259ri izl\u0259y\u0259c\u0259k v\u0259 inflyasiya inersiyas\u0131na s\u0259b\u0259b olacaqd\u0131r.<\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n
\u0130nflyasiya v\u0259 dig\u0259r \u00f6n\u0259mli iqtisadi g\u00f6st\u0259ricil\u0259rd\u0259n, \u0259l\u0259xsus onlar\u0131n maliyy\u0259 bazarlar\u0131na t\u0259sirind\u0259n m\u0259lumatl\u0131 olmaq ist\u0259yirsinizs\u0259 https:\/\/www.investaz.az\/xeber sayt\u0131ndan istifad\u0259 ed\u0259 bil\u0259rsiniz.<\/p>\r\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
\u0130nflyasiya m\u00fc\u0259yy\u0259n d\u00f6vr \u0259rzind\u0259, ad\u0259t\u0259n bir il \u0259rzind\u0259 bir s\u0131ra mal v\u0259 xidm\u0259tl\u0259rin n\u0259 q\u0259d\u0259r bahala\u015fd\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcr. \u0130stehlak\u00e7\u0131lar\u0131n ya\u015fay\u0131\u015f minimumu bir \u00e7ox mal v\u0259 xidm\u0259tl\u0259rin qiym\u0259tl\u0259rind\u0259n v\u0259 h\u0259r birinin ev t\u0259s\u0259rr\u00fcfatlar\u0131n\u0131n b\u00fcdc\u0259sind\u0259ki pay\u0131ndan as\u0131l\u0131d\u0131r. Orta istehlak\u00e7\u0131n\u0131n ya\u015fay\u0131\u015f d\u0259y\u0259rini \u00f6l\u00e7m\u0259k \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn d\u00f6vl\u0259t qurumlar\u0131 tez-tez al\u0131nan \u0259\u015fyalardan ibar\u0259t s\u0259b\u0259ti m\u00fc\u0259yy\u0259n etm\u0259k \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn ev t\u0259s\u0259rr\u00fcfatlar\u0131nda sor\u011fular ke\u00e7irir v\u0259…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":2059,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[9],"tags":[363,335],"class_list":["post-2058","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-meqaleler","tag-investisiya","tag-yatirim"],"amp_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.investaz.az\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2058","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.investaz.az\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.investaz.az\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.investaz.az\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.investaz.az\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=2058"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/www.investaz.az\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2058\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2658,"href":"https:\/\/www.investaz.az\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2058\/revisions\/2658"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.investaz.az\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/2059"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.investaz.az\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2058"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.investaz.az\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=2058"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.investaz.az\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=2058"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}